Catch Me if You Can: Workplace Mobility and Big Data

ABSTRACT

A growing number of workers, particularly in the knowledge and service sectors, can perform their work at multiple locations, and it is decreasingly realistic to assume, as researchers and planners have traditionally done, that employment in cities occurs in fixed locations. This suggests that census data or establishment registries do not fully capture where economic activity takes place. Given the role that ICTs play in enabling daytime workplace mobility, and given that they generate substantial amounts of real-time, geolocated data, we ask whether these Big Data can shed light upon the trajectories of mobile workers at the urban scale.     

基于移动终端的交互式学习系统构建与实践——以工程力学课程为例

随着科学与信息技术的飞速发展,传统的力学课堂和教学方法受到巨大冲击,紧跟时代发展,改革本科力学教学方式迫在眉睫。以专业基础课工程力学课程为例,指出课程在专业人才培养中的地位与重要性,总结了工程力学课程在传统教学模式下教学实践中存在的问题,简述了基于学习通APP的交互式移动学习系统的课程构建过程,提出"课堂教学+交互式移动学习系统运用"的混合式教学模式,并在课程结束后对学生进行满意度调查和教学效果验证,指出此种混合式教学模式的优势与弊端,以期为本科高校力学课程教学改革提供参考。     

城市人行过街立交设施的设置条件分析

介绍了人行立交的设置方法与选址原则,提出了人行过街立交设施的宽度标准与服务水平的评价标准,为合理的修建立交人行过街设施提供了重要的依据,具有一定的参考价值。     

西方生产者服务业空间结构研究及其启示

遵循城市空间结构的研究框架,从形式研究、过程研究和机制研究三方面系统回顾西方生产者服务业空间结构研究的进展,梳理了西方生产者服务业空间结构研究的主要理论观点,阐明了对我国相关研究的启示和借鉴意义.     

基于GIS的机动雷达部署系统研究与实现

针对传统机动雷达的部署面临阵地选择时间长,不具有直观性,缺乏详细地理信息的不足,设计并实现了一种基于GIS的机动雷达部署系统,实现了机动雷达的优化部署。仿真结果表明,此系统对机动雷达部署具有一定的指导意义和实际应用价值。     

村镇预制装配式活动房基于Revit的BIM信息集成及HTML5的户型订单处理系统

根据村镇预制装配式活动房所呈现出的体系模块化和构件标准化的特点,通过HTML5统一的订单处理系统,实现用户在网页端选择并完成所需模块的订单,设计人员基于BIM平台对上述订单展开深化设计,提供与建筑物规模、模块、构造及材质相关的文件及相关实时信息,从而在设计师、建造方与业主/经营者之间架构起联系的桥梁。     

智慧西安规划信息管理平台设计和实现

地理空间数据、规划数据、规划业务完美融合是建设"智慧规划"的基础和关键,物联网、云计算、大数据等相关技术的发展给智慧规划建设奠定了技术基础。利用云计算和SOA等技术构建了一个能够提供从"规划研究-规划编制-规划审批-规划监督-批后管理"全生命周期运行的智慧西安规划信息管理平台。并就该平台,分别探讨了与其相关的规划现状、建设目标、平台架构、系统模块设计等问题。目前该系统已能够为规划局、规划各分局提供实时网络在线规划服务,成功服务于"智慧西安"建设。     

生态服务功能视角下的城市用地分类初探

当前,城市用地的分类与使用关注于人类的利用方式,忽视了土地的生态服务价值。在生态服务功能的视角下,将城市用地分为生态用地、潜在生态用地与非生态用地。其中,潜在生态用地即满足了人们的使用需求又具备一定的生态服务功能,应充分重视。生态服务功能视角下的城市用地分类与现行用地分类国标之间存在不完全对应关系,潜在生态用地对应的部分城市建设用地需辅以一系列控制指标加以明确。     

Cost efficiency benchmarking of urban water supply utilities: The case of an Indian state

In most developing countries like India, benchmarking of water supply utilities is rarely carried out as these services are not run on professional lines to ensure profitability, even as social goals of making provision for all, including the poor, take priority over profitability. When performances of these services are not measured, efforts to improve these services remain directionless and arbitrary. Urban water supplies in India, therefore, suffer a self‐inflicted fate, wherein city municipalities remain mired in mundane issues, leading to large dissatisfaction and inefficiencies. This paper attempts to evolve a framework for evaluating cost efficiencies of water supply services and applies stochastic frontier analysis to 18 urban centres in India through six models. The results indicate large relative inefficiencies and a scope of savings of 24.5% of average current operating and maintenance costs even with existing levels of resource inputs. The results are discussed from a regulatory and policy‐making perspective.     

Backyard shacks,informality and the urban housing crisis in South Africa: stopgap or prototype solution?

Rapid urbanisation in the South has contributed to the growth of informal housing on a large scale. South Africa’s experience is somewhat unusual in that the growth of informality appears to have taken the form of backyard shacks in established townships rather than free-standing shacks in squatter settlements. This is potentially important for household well-being (e.g. better access to services) and for the efficient functioning of urban areas. The paper develops a framework for assessing the impacts and applies it to the country’s leading metropolitan region, Gauteng. It finds that people are slightly better-off in backyards than in shacks elsewhere, although the wider benefits for urban areas are equivocal. In some respects backyard shacks are a stopgap for poor households desperate for somewhere to live. In other respects they represent a kind of prototype solution to the urban housing crisis. The government could do more to improve basic dwelling conditions and to relieve the extra pressure on local services.